DepigmentingBrightening
Hydroquinone
Tier 1 Evidence
what it does
The most studied and potent topical depigmenting agent, inhibiting tyrosinase to block melanin synthesis. Highly effective for melasma and hyperpigmentation at 2–4%, but banned OTC in the EU, Australia, and Japan due to long-term safety concerns.
The nuclear option for dark spots. Genuinely works better than almost anything else — there's a reason derms reach for it. But it's banned OTC in the EU and Australia: long-term unsupervised use can cause permanent blue-black pigment (ochronosis). Medical supervision only — not vibes.
products with this ingredient
Eqinone 4% Hydroquinone CreamGalderma